Yearly calender in China is announced from 国務院弁公庁 at the beginning of December.
1st, Jan - 元旦, National holiday.
正月初一 - 春节, National holiday.
It is said in old fairy tale, 年 is the name of a monster. He will came out on this time of year and eat people. And we will fight them in a way of firecrackers, to scare him off. Greet each other on the first day of new year, as a congratulation to each other that we are not eaten by 年.
Gradually, greeting each other on the first day of year became 拜年 and this saying can be used for a long while around new year. For example, Chinese say 拜早年, means it is a little bit early, but still, greetings!
On the first few days of new year (no clear boundary, maybe 4 or 5 days), it is 拜年 And later than that, it became 拜晚年. 年兽 as full name.
In the night before new year, most Chinese people will watch the Evening Party of the Spring Festival (春节联欢晚会) by CCTV. It’s a tradition that all family members gather together , have diner and watch 春节联欢晚会.
正月十五 - 元宵节
14th, Feb - 情人节, Valentines day
8th, Mar - 国际妇女节, Woman’s day
1st, Apr - 愚人节, April fool
5th, Apr - 清明节, National holiday.
1st, May - 国际劳动节, National holiday.
2nd Sun, May - 母亲节, Mother’s day
3rd Sun, Jun - 父亲节, Father’s day
五月初五 - 端午节, National holiday.
This is also called as Dragon boat festival. You can see a Zongzi.
七月初七 - 七夕情人节, 七夕
10th, Sep - 教师节, 教師の日
八月十五 - 中秋节, National holiday.
You can see many kind of mooncake in this season.
1st, Oct - 国庆节, National holiday.
21th, Dec - 圣诞节, Christmas